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ارزیابی پارامترهای ژنتیکی برخی ویژگیهای فیزیکوشیمیایی دانه در ژنوتیپهای جو وحشی و زراعی | ||
بیوتکنولوژی و بیوشیمی غلات | ||
دوره 1، شماره 2، تیر 1401، صفحه 210-230 اصل مقاله (610.81 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22126/cbb.2022.8041.1014 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
الهه سارویی؛ عبداله نجفی* ؛ کیانوش چقامیرزا؛ لیلا زارعی | ||
گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده عاوم ومهندسی کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
مقدمه: جو یکی از مهمترین غلات زراعی است که در بسیاری از مناطق جفرافیایی کشت و بهطور عمده در تغذیه دام و طیور و صنعت تولید مالت استفاده میشود. برخی ویژگیهای فیزیکی و بیوشیمیایی دانه بر کمیت و کیفیت دانه، مالت تولیدی و خواص تغذیهای آن بسیار مؤثر هستند. مواد و روشها: در این پژوهش تعداد هفت رقم جو زراعی ایرانی و اروپایی (Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare) و دو ژنوتیپ جو وحشی (Hordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneum (K. Koch)) از نظر برخی خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمیایی دانه شامل درصد رطوبت، خاکستر، چربی و فیبر خام، محتوای آهن، روی، پروتئین و قند محلول دانه، طول، عرض و ضخامت و وزن هزار دانه بررسی شدند. یافتهها: براساس نتایج بهدست آمده، ژنوتیپها از نظر کلیه صفات مورد بررسی به غیر از درصد رطوبت و درصد قند محلول با هم تفاوت معنیدار داشته و ژنوتیپهای وحشی برای بیشتر صفات میانگین بالاتری را نشان دادند. تجزیه خوشهای ژنوتیپها را به سه گروه تفکیک نمود. کمترین و بیشترین مقدار ضریب تغییرات ژنتیکی برای درصد رطوبت و محتوای آهن و کمترین و بیشترین مقدار ضریب تغییرات فنوتیپی و محیطی برای ضخامت دانه و محتوای آهن دانه بدست آمد. میزان وراثتپذیری عمومی برای درصد خاکستر، طول، عرض، ضخامت و وزن هزار دانه بالا برآورد شد و درصد خاکستر و وزن هزار دانه از درصد پیشرفت ژنتیکی بر میانگین بالاتری هم برخوردار بودند. ضریب تغییرات فنوتیپی همه صفات بیشتر از ضریب تغییرات ژنتیکی بود. تفاوت اندک بین ضریب تغییرات فنوتیپی و ژنوتیپی برای طول، عرض، ضخامت و وزن هزاردانه نشاندهنده تأثیر بیشتر عوامل ژنتیکی بر کنترل این صفات است. از طرف دیگر ضریب همبستگی ژنتیکی و فنوتیپی برخی صفات معنیدار بود که حاکی از امکان بهنژادی همزمان دو صفت دارد. نتیجهگیری: با توجه به نتایج بهدست آمده و تفاوت قابل ملاحظه از نظر صفات فیزیکوشیمیایی انتخاب یک ژنوتیپ وحشی و یک رقم زراعی با فاصله ژنتیکی مناسب براساس درصد خاکستر، محتوای آهن و روی، پروتئین دانه و وزن هزار دانه بالا برای ایجاد جمعیت در حال تفرق، مناسب تشخیص داده شد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
پروتئین دانه؛ جو وحشی؛ وراثت پذیری؛ Hordeum vulgare | ||
مراجع | ||
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