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اثربخشی تمرینات ثبات خیرگی بر تعادل و کارکردهای اجرایی سالمندان دچار اختلال شناختی خفیف | ||
روانشناسی پیری | ||
دوره 8، شماره 3، مهر 1401، صفحه 285-267 اصل مقاله (1008.62 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22126/jap.2022.8341.1662 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
میرجواد مجرد آذر قره باغی؛ جلال دهقانی زاده* | ||
گروه رفتارحرکتی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
سالمندی شناختی با اختلال در کارکردها اجرایی سطوح بالاتر همراه است زیرا میتواند توانایی های لازم برای انجام این کارکردها را مختل کند. یکی از اختلالات شناختی رایج در میان سالمندان، اختلال شناختی خفیف است که با سطح زوال شناختی بالاتر از حد طبیعی مشخص میشود. بنابراین هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی اثربخشی تمرینات ثبات خیرگی بر تعادل و کارکردهای اجرایی سالمندان دچار اختلال شناختی خفیف بود. پژوهش حاضر نیمه تجربی با طرح پیشآزمون-پسآزمون با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری این پژوهش کلیه سالمندان دارای اختلال شناختی خفیف شهرستان ارومیه در سال 1399 بودند. نمونه پژوهش شامل 30 نفر سالمند 60 الی 80 سال مبتلا به اختلال شناختی خفیف بود که بر اساس معیارهای ورود به پژوهش و به صورت در دسترس انتخاب و به طور تصادفی در دو گروه 15 نفری آزمایش (میانگین سنی: 552/1±466/78) و کنترل (میانگین سنی: 404/2± 93/76) قرار گرفتند. شرکتکنندگان آزمون برخاستن و حرکت کردن زماندار ماتیاس و همکاران و آزمونGo/NoGo هافمن و آزمون N-Backکرچنر را برای ارزیابی تعادل و کنترل بازداری رفتاری و حافظه کاری در پیشآزمون و پسآزمون به طور مشابه هم انجام دادند. گروه آزمایش طی هشت هفته، هفتهای سه جلسه و هر جلسه 60 دقیقه به اجرای تمرینات ثبات خیرگی موریموتو و همکاران پرداختند. دادهها از طریق آزمون تحلیل کوواریانس یکراهه در نرمافزار SPSS نسخه 24 تحلیل شد. نتایج نشان داد که با کنترل نمرة پیشآزمون، بین نمرات آزمون برخاستن و حرکت کردن زماندار، کنترل بازداری رفتاری و حافظه کاری دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل در پسآزمون تفاوت معناداری وجود دارد (001/0p=). بنابراین انجام این تمرینات میتواند راهبردی مؤثر برای بهبود تعادل وکارکردهای اجرایی در سالمندان مبتلا به اختلال شناختی خفیف باشد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
ثبات خیرگی؛ کارکردهای اجرایی؛ تعادل؛ سالمندان؛ اختلال شناختی خفیف | ||
مراجع | ||
توتک، م.، عابدانزاده، ر.، و صائمی، ا. (1398). اثربخشی یک دوره تمرینات ورزش مغزی برحافظه کاری مردان سالمند. دو فصلنامه روانشناسی ورزشی، 4(2)، 97 -91.
جعفری، م.، و شمشیری، م. (1393). بررسی وضعیت تعادل ایستا و پویا در پیشبینی خطر سقوط سالمندان تهران. مجله پرستاری و مامایی، ۱۲(11)، 1045-1053.
سیدیان، م.، فلاح، م.، نوروزیان، م، نجات.، س، دلاور، ع.، و قاسمزاده، ج. ا. (۱۳۸۶). تهیه و تعیین اعتبار نسخه فارسی آزمون کوتاه وضعیت ذهنی. مجله سازمان نظام پزشکی جمهوری اسلامی ایران، ۲۵(۴)، 11-20.
صادقی، ع.، نوروزی، ح. ر.، کریمی اصل، ا.، و منتظر، م. ح. (1387). تأثیر شش هفته برنامه تمرین عملکردی بر تعادل ایستا و پویای مردان سالمند سالم. سالمند، ۳(2)، 565-571.
مختاری، م.، بهرام، م.الف.، پوروقار، م. ج.، و عکاشه، گ. (1392). بررسی تأثیر برنامه تمرین پیلاتس بر عوامل روانی و اجتماعی مرتبط با افتادن در زنان سالمند. دوماهنامه علمی ـ پژوهشی فیض، ۱۷(۵)،462-453.
نجاتی، و. (1392). ارتباط بین کارکردهای اجرایی مغز با تصمیمگیری پرخطر در دانشجویان. تحقیقات علوم رفتاری، ۱۱(۴)، 270-278.
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