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اثربخشی آموزش شناخت اجتماعی و تعامل بر نظریه ذهن شناختی و عاطفی سالمندان بدون مشکلات شناختی | ||
روانشناسی پیری | ||
مقاله 3، دوره 10، شماره 4، دی 1403، صفحه 468-449 اصل مقاله (877.41 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22126/jap.2025.11208.1808 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
سوسن علیزاده فرد* ؛ طاهره دودل | ||
گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
یکی از مداخلات روانی-اجتماعی جدیدی که با هدف رفع مشکلات شناخت اجتماعی طراحی شده است، آموزش شناخت اجتماعی و تعامل می باشد. تاکنون این شیوه آموزشی برای ارتقای شناخت اجتماعی سالمندان بدون مشکلات شناختی بکار گرفته نشده است. بنابراین هدف این پژوهش بررسی اثربخشی آموزش شناخت اجتماعی و تعامل بر ارتقای نظریه ذهن شناختی و عاطفی در سالمندان بدون مشکلات شناختی بود. این پژوهش یک مطالعه نیمه آزمایشی با طرح پیشآزمون-پسآزمون-پیگیری بود. جامعه آماری شامل سالمندان ۶۵ تا ۷۵ سال بدون مشکلات شناختی شهر تهران بود که تعداد 46 سالمند بر اساس نمونه گیری در دسترس و معیارهای ورود به مطالعه انتخاب، و به طور تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش (۲۲ نفر) و گواه (24 نفر) گمارش شدند. گروه آزمایش در ۲۰ جلسه هفتگی 60 دقیقهای به صورت سه بار در هفته آموزش دیدند. در این پژوهش از آزمون ارزیابی شناختی مونترال و آزمون نظریه ذهن شناختی و عاطفی یونی استفاده شد. دادهها با شیوه تحلیل کوواریانس تکمتغیری و استفاده از نرمافزار SPSS نسخه 23 مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که آموزش شناخت اجتماعی و تعامل، نمرات نظریه ذهن شناختی و عاطفی گروه آزمایش را در مرحله پسآزمون و پیگیری (4 هفته بعد) به شکل معناداری افزایش داد (01/0P<). براساس یافتههای این پژوهش، می توان از آموزش شناخت اجتماعی و تعامل به عنوان یک روش مؤثر در جهت کاهش مشکلات شناخت اجتماعی سالمندان و بهبود روابط اجتماعی آنان استفاده نمود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
نظریه ذهن شناختی؛ نظریه ذهن عاطفی؛ آموزش شناخت اجتماعی و تعامل؛ سالمندان | ||
مراجع | ||
منابع
بیتانه، م.، زارع، ح.، علیزاده فرد، س.، و عرفانی، ن. (1401). تأثیر آموزش شناخت اجتماعی و تعامل بر بازشناسی هیجان چهره در سالمندان دارای اختلال خفیف شناختی. مجله سالمند، 17(3)، 446-459.
چهرهنگار، ن.، شمس, ف.، زرشناس، س.، و کاظمی، ف. (1390). بررسی همخوانی آزمون شناختی مونترآل با آزمون معاینه مختصر وضعیت روانی در سالمندان سالم. پژوهش در علوم توانبخشی، 7 (5)، 680-674.
رابرتس، د.ل.، پن، د.ل.، و کامبس، د.ر. (1398). شناخت اجتماعی و آموزش تعامل (ترجمه س. علیزاده فرد و ح. زارع). تهران: انتشارات ارجمند، (تاریخ انتشار به زبان اصلی، 2016).
رضازاده، ش. و هاشمی، ت. (1402). اثر بخشی آموزش مبتنی بر نظریه ذهن شناختی و عاطفی بر بهبود همدلی سرد و گرم در کودکان قربانی کودک آزاری. فصلنامه پژوهشهای نوین روانشناختی، 18(71)، 118-111.
شهابی، ر. (1398). سالمندی شناختی بهنجار: تغییرات شناختی مرتبط با سن در سالمندان. روانشناسی پیری، 5(2)، 116-106.
فیسک، س.، و تیلور، ا. (1400). شناخت اجتماعی: از مغز تا فرهنگ. (ترجمه س. علیزاده فرد، ح. زارع، ز. رافضی). تهران. انتشارات آییژ. (تاریخ انتشار اصلی، 2017).
مسلمی، ب. و چلبیانلو، غ. (1402). اثربخشی تحریک الکتریکی فراجمجمهای قشر پیشپیشانی بر توجه، حافظه کاری، تصمیمگیری، شناخت اجتماعی و کیفیت زندگی در سالمندان. روانشناسی پیری، 9 (7)، 417-399.
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