| تعداد نشریات | 20 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 439 |
| تعداد مقالات | 3,409 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 3,660,957 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 2,395,039 |
بررسی زیستبوم نوآوری آلمان با تأکید بر حمایت از میتلاستندها | ||
| آموزش و مدیریت کارآفرینی | ||
| دوره 4، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 10، خرداد 1404، صفحه 91-124 اصل مقاله (1.51 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22126/eme.2025.11888.1153 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| نگین فلاح حقیقی* 1؛ حامین احمدی2؛ غلامحسین عبداله زاده3؛ محمد شریف شریف زاده3 | ||
| 1گروه مطالعات تکنولوژی، پژوهشکده مطالعات فناوریهای نوین، سازمان پژوهشهای علمی و صنعتی ایران، تهران، ایران. | ||
| 2گروه علوم سیاسی و حقوق، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرمآباد، ایران. | ||
| 3گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده مدیریت کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| این پژوهش با هدف بررسی الگوی حکمرانی، سیاستگذاری و ارزیابی نوآوری در آلمان، بهویژه نقش شرکتهای کوچک و متوسط (میتلاستندها) انجام شد. روش پژوهش، مرور نظامیافته بود که جهت جستجو، ذخیرهسازی، پالایش و بهرهبرداری از منابع اطلاعاتی از روش هفت مرحلهای شناخته شده فراترکیب سندلوسکی و همکاران استفاده شد. پرسش اصلی پژوهش، شناسایی سازوکارهای راهبری نظام نوآوری آلمان و جایگاه میتلاستندها در این نظام بود. از جستجوی اولیه، 341 مقاله شناسایی شد که پس از ارزیابی چندمرحلهای، 54 اثر برای تحلیل عمیق انتخاب شدند. یافتهها در هشت طبقه مفهومی تدوین شدند که عبارتند از: 1) زیرساخت تحقیق و توسعه با محوریت همبست پژوهش-نوآوری (دانشگاهها، مؤسسات تحقیقاتی، نظام مالکیت فکری)؛ 2) سیاستهای دولتی (استراتژی ملی نوآوری، برنامههای تأمین مالی، چارچوبهای نظارتی)؛ 3) همکاری صنعت و دانشگاه (دفاتر انتقال فناوری، پروژههای مشترک)؛ 4) اکوسیستمهای نوآوری (خوشههای منطقهای، هابهای نوآوری، یکپارچگی محلی)؛ 5) حمایت از استارتآپها و میتلاستندها (انکوباتورها، شتابدهندهها، سرمایه خطرپذیر)؛ 6) تقسیم کار نهادی در سطوح فدرال، ایالتی و محلی (مؤسسات فرانهوفر، انتقال فناوری، سرمایهگذاری مستقیم)؛ 7) همکاری بینالمللی (برنامههای اتحادیه اروپا، مشارکتهای جهانی)؛ 8) تمرکز بر پایداری (فناوریهای سبز، صنایع نسل چهارم). نظام نوآوری آلمان بهعنوان زیستبومی پویا، با تقویت همکاری میان دولت، صنعت و دانشگاه، تکامل کسبوکارها را تسهیل و رقابتپذیری جهانی را ارتقاء میدهد. میتلاستندها از طریق حمایتهای هدفمند، مانند انکوباتورها و سرمایهگذاری، و یکپارچگی در خوشههای نوآوری، نقشی کلیدی ایفا میکنند. این نظام با تأکید بر همافزایی پژوهش و صنعت، الگویی موفق برای سیاستگذاری نوآوری ارائه میدهد. یافتهها بر ضرورت تقویت زیرساختهای نوآوری، حمایت از شرکتهای کوچک و متوسط و ترویج فناوریهای پایدار تأکید دارند. این الگو میتواند برای کشورهای درحالتوسعه بهویژه در طراحی سیاستهای حمایتی برای کسبوکارهای نوآور راهگشا باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| اکوسیستم نوآوری؛ حکمرانی نوآوری؛ راهبرد ملی نوآوری؛ میتلاستندها؛ نظام نوآوری آلمان | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
منابع
احمدی، محمد؛ احمدی، پویا؛ جوادی، روحالله (1402). نقش تعدیلگر نوآوری در تأثیر تفکر استراتژیک بر بقای سازمان (مورد مطالعه: شرکتهای دانشبنیان استان مرکزی). آموزش و مدیریت کارآفرینی، 2(1)، 20-1. doi: 10.22126/eme.2023.2497.
اصلانی، فرشید؛ صالحی، ساسان؛ سالمی، یاسمن (1403). تحلیل تأثیر رهبری کارآفرینانه بر رفتار نوآورانه با میانجیگری جو نوآوری و چابکی فکری. آموزش و مدیریت کارآفرینی، 3(3)، 24-1.doi: 10.22126/eme. .2024.10985.1111
حاجی آقایی، حنیف. (1402). طراحی الگوی مدرسه کارآفرین با تأکید بر استقرار زیستبوم کارآفرینانه. آموزش و مدیریت کارآفرینی، 2(4)، 24-1. .doi: 10.22126/eme.2023.9806.1054
سلطانی، بهزاد؛ حاجیحسینی، حجتالله؛ آراستی، محمدرضا؛ قاضینوری، سید سپهر؛ رضوی، محمدرضا؛ شفیعا، محمدعلی؛ منطقی، منوچهر؛ طباطبائیان، سید حبیبالله؛ شاوردی، مرضیه (1396). مروری بر چالشهای نظام ملی نوآوری ایران و ارائۀ سیاستها و راهکارهایی برای بهبود. مطالعات راهبردی سیاستگذاری عمومی، 7(23)، 185-198.
شریفزاده، محمد شریف؛ عبدالهزاده، غلامحسین (1396). ارزیابی تطبیقی پایداری کسب و کارهای کارآفرینانه کشاورزی و نظامهای متعارف تولید کشاورزی در استان گلستان. علوم ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی ایران، 13(2)، 1-20. .dor: 20.1001.1.20081758.1396.13.2.1.1
نامداریان، لیلا؛ علیدوستی، سیروس (1397). طراحی و ساخت پایگاه وب منابع اطلاعات شاخصهای پایش و ارزیابی علم، فناوری و نوآوری. پژوهشنامه پردازش و مدیریت اطلاعات، 33(4)، 1611-1636.doi: 10.35050/ JIPM010.2018.045.
References
Ahmadi, M., Ahmadi, P., & Javadi, R. (2023). The moderating role of innovation in the effect of strategic thinking on the survival of the organization (A case study of knowledge-based companies of Markazi Province). Education and Management of Entrepreneurship, 2(1), 1-20. doi: 10.22126/eme.2023.2497 (in Persian).
Alfred, A. M., & Adam, R. F. (2009). Green management matters regardless. The Academy of Management Perspectives, 23(3), 17–26. doi: 10.5465/AMP.2009.43479261.
Allen, M. M. (2015). National Innovation System in G ermany. Wiley encyclopedia of management, doi: 10.1002/9781118785317.weom130047.
Alvarez, S. A., & Barney, J. B. (2006). Discovery and creation: Alternative theories of entrepreneurial action. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 1(1-2), 11–26. doi: 10.2139/ssrn. 900200.
Amis, J., T. Slack, & Hinings, C. R. (2004). The pace, sequence, and linearity of radical change. Academy of Management Journal, 47(1), 15–39. doi: 10.2307/20159558.
Arnone, M., & Capriati, M. (2023). Innovation Policies in Germany: An Analysis of Tools and Impacts. In: Bevilacqua, C., Balland, PA., Kakderi, C., & Provenzano, V. (Eds.) New Metropolitan Perspectives. NMP 2022. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 639. Springer, Cham. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-34211-0_5.
Aslani, F., Salehi, S., & Salemei, Y. (2024). An analysis of the entrepreneurial leadership effect on innovative behaviors: The role of innovation climate and cognitive agility as mediators. Education and Management of Entrepreneurship, 3(3), 1-24. doi: 10.22126/eme.2024.10985.1111 (in Persian).
Audretsch, D. B., Lehmann, E. E., & Schenkenhofer, J. (2018). Internationalization strategies of hidden champions: lessons from Germany. Multinational Business Review. 1(26), 2–24. doi: 10.1108/MBR-01-2018-0006.
Auerswald, P. E. (2015). Enabling entrepreneurial ecosystems In: Audretsch, D, Link, A, Walsok, ML (Eds.). The Oxford Handbook of Local Competitiveness. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 54–83.
Autio, E., Kenney, M., Mustar, P., Siegel, D., & Wright, M. (2014). Entrepreneurial innovation: The importance of context. Research Policy, 43(7), 1097–1108. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2014.01.015.
Baker, T., & Nelson, R. E. (2005). Creating something from nothing: Resource construction through entrepreneurial bricolage. Administrative Science Quarterly, 50(3), 329–366. doi: 10.2189/ asqu.2005.50.3.329.
Barney, J. B. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99–120. doi:10.1177/014920639101700108.
Barney, J. B. (2001). Is the resource-based “view” a useful perspective for strategic management research? Yes. Academy of Management Review, 26(1), 41–56. doi: 10.2307/259392.
Bercovitz, J., & Feldman, M. (2006). Entpreprenerial universities and technology transfer: A conceptual framework for understanding knowledge-based economic development. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 31(1), 175–188. doi:10.1007/s10961-005-5029-z.
Caleb, H. T., Yu, L., & Zhu, J. (2017). A multimediation model of learning by exporting: Analysis of export-induced productivity gains. Journal of Management, 43(7), 2118 –2146. doi:10.1177/0149206315573998.
Cassiman, B., & Golovko, E. (2011). Innovation and internationalization through exports. Journal of International Business Studies, 42(1), 56–75. doi:10.1057/jibs.2010.36.
Chen, Z., & Aryee, S. (2007). Delegation and employee work outcomes: An examination of the cultural context of mediating processes in China. Academy of Management Journal, 50, 226–238. doi: 10.5465/AMJ.2007.24162389.
Cherif, R., Grimpe, C., Hasanov, F. & Sofka, W. (2023). Promoting Innovation: The Differential Impact of R&D Subsidies. J Ind Compet Trade, 23, 187–241. Available at: https://doi-org.wdg.biblio.udg.mx:8443/10.1007/s10842-023-00400-7.
Chesbrough, H. (2006). Open innovation: The new imperative for creating and profiting from technology. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Business School Press. doi: 10.1108/14601060410565074.
Chirico, F., & Nordqvist, M. (2010). Dynamic capabilities and trans-generational value creation in family firms: The role of organizational culture. International Small Business Journal, 28(5), 487–504. doi:10.1177/0266242610370402.
Chrisman, J. J., Chua, J. H., De Massis, A., Frattini, F., & Wright, M. (2015). The ability and willingness paradox in family firm innovation. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 32(3), 310–318. doi:10.1111/jpim.12207.
Clarysse, B., Wright, M., Bruneel, J., & Mahajan, A. (2014). Creating value in ecosystems: Crossing the chasm between knowledge and business ecosystems. Research Policy, 43(7), 1164–1176. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2014.04.014.
Corbett, A., Covin, J., O'Connor, G., & Tucci, C. (2013). Corporate entrepreneurship: State-of-the-art research and a future research agenda. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 30(5), 812–820. doi:10.1111/jpim.12031.
Dacin, P. A., Dacin, M. T., & Matear, M. (2010). Social entrepreneurship: Why we don't need a new theory and how we move forward from here. The Academy of Management Perspectives, 24(3), 37–57. doi:10.5465/AMP.2010.52842950.
De Massis, A., Kotlar, J., Chua, J. H., & Chrisman, J. J. (2014). Ability and willingness as sufficiency conditions for family-oriented particularistic behavior: Implications for theory and empirical studies. Journal of Small Business Management, 52(2), 344–364. doi:10.1111/jsbm.12102.
De Massis, A., Kotlar, J., Frattini, F., Chrisman, J. J., & Nordqvist, M. (2016). Family governance at work: Organizing for new product development in family SMEs. Family Business Review, 29(2), 189–213. doi:10.1177/0894486515622722.
Di Stefano, G., Peteraf, M., & Verona, G. (2014). The organizational drivetrain: A road to integration of dynamic capabilities research. The Academy of Management Perspectives, 28(4), 307–327. doi:10.5465/amp.2013.0100.
Dosi, G. (1982). Technological paradigms and technological trajectories. Research Policy, 11(3), 147–162. doi:10.1016/0048-7333(82)90016-6.
Duran, P., Kammerlander, N., van Essen, M., & Zellweger, T. (2016). Doing more with less: Innovation input and output in family firms. Academy of Management Journal, 59(4), 1224–1264. doi:10.5465/amj.2014.0424.
Dushnitsky, G., & Shapira, Z. (2010). Entrepreneurial finance meets organizational reality: Comparing investment practices and performance of corporate and independent venture capitalists. Strategic Management Journal, 31(9), 990–1017. doi:10.1002/smj.851.
Eggers, J. P., & Kaplan, S. (2013). Cognition and capabilities: A multi-level perspective. The Academy of Management Annals, 7(1), 295–340. doi:10.1080/19416520.2013.769318.
Foss, N. J., Klein, P. G., Kor, Y., & Mahoney, J. (2008). Entrepreneurship, subjectivism, and the resource-based view: Toward a new synthesis. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 2(1), 73–94. doi:10.1002/sej.41.
Fraser, S., Bhaumik, S. K., & Wright, M. (2015). What do we know about entrepreneurial finance and its relationship with growth? International Small Business Journal, 33(1), 70–88. doi:10.1177/0266242614547827.
Gawer, A., & Cusumano, M. A. (2014). Industry platforms and ecosystem innovation. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 31(3), 417–433. doi:10.1111/jpim.12105.
Gianiodis, P., Ettlie, J., & Urbina, J. (2014). Open service innovation in the global banking industry: Inside-out versus outside-in strategies. The Academy of Management Perspectives, 28(1), 76–91. doi:10.5465/amp.2012.0126.
Gladysz, S., Beyerer, J., & Eichhorn, M. (2021). Fraunhofer Institute of Optronics, System Technologies and Image Exploitation: introduction to the focus issue. Appl Opt. 2021 Aug 1, 60(22), FRA1. doi:10.1364/AO.437732.
Grimpe, C., & Fier, H. (2010). Informal university technology transfer: A comparison between the United States and Germany. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 35(6), 637–650. doi: 10.1007/s10961-009-9140-4.
Haeussler, C. (2011). The Determinants of Commercialization Strategy: Idiosyncrasies in British and German Biotechnology. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 35(4), 653-681. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-6520.2010.00385.x.
Haji Aghaee, H. (2024). Designing an entrepreneurial school model with an emphasis on the establishment of an entrepreneurial ecosystem. Education and Management of Entrepreneurship, 2(4), 1-24. doi: 10.22126/eme.2023.9806.1054 (in Persian).
Hofstede, G. (1984). Culture's consequences: International differences in work-related values. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Available at: https://books.google.com/books/about/Culture_s_Consequences.html?id=Cayp_Um4O9gC
Honttenrott, H., & Richstein, R. (2020). Start-up subsidies: Does the policy instrument matter? Research Policy, 49, 1–21. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2019.103888.
I-COM, (2013). Presenza Ed impatto economico delle “start up” innovative di successo: un confronto internazionale. Available at: https://www.i-com.it/2013/01/22/presenza-ed-impatto-economico-delle-start-up-innovative-di-successo-un-confronto-internazionale/.
Jones, C. I., & Williams, J. C. (2000). Too much of a good thing? The economics of investment in R&D. Journal of Economic Growth, 5(1), 65–85. Available at: https://www.jstor.org/stable/i40007506.
Kafouros, M. I., Buckley, P. J., Sharp, J. A., & Wang, C. (2008). The role of internationalization in explaining innovation performance. Technovation, 28(1-2), 63–74. doi:10.1016/j.technovation.2007.07.009.
Kammerlander, N., & Ganter, M. (2014). An attention-based view of family firm adaptation to discontinuous technological change: Exploring the role of family CEOs' noneconomic goals. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 32(3), 361–383. doi:10.1111/jpim.12205.
König, A., Kammerlander, N., & Enders, A. (2013). The family innovator's dilemma: How family influence affects the adoption of discontinuous technologies by incumbent firms. Academy of Management Review, 38(3), 418–441. doi:10.5465/amr.2011.0162.
Kotlar, J., Fang, H., De Massis, A., & Frattini, F. (2014). Profitability goals, control goals, and the R&D investment decisions of family and nonfamily firms. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 31(6), 1128–1145. doi:10.1111/jpim.12165.
Kraiczy, N. D., Hack, A., & Kellermanns, F. W. (2015). What makes a family firm innovative? CEO risk-taking propensity and the organizational context of family firms. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 32(3), 334–348. doi:10.1111/jpim.12203.
Kuhlmann, S. (2003). Evaluation of research and innovation policies: a discussion of trends with examples from Germany. International Journal of Technology Management, 26(2-4), 131-149. doi:10.1504/IJTM.2003.003366.
Lane, P. J., & Lubatkin, M. (1998). Relative absorptive capacity and interorganizational learning. Strategic Management Journal, 19, 461–477. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199805)19:5<461::AID-SMJ953>3.3.CO;2-C.
Liguori, M. (2012). The supremacy of the sequence: Key elements and dimensions in the process of change. Organization Studies, 33(4), 507–539. doi:10.1177/0170840612443457.
Lorenzen, H. P. (2003). The significance of communication networks for the success of system evaluations. International Journal of Technology Management, 26(2-4), 150-165. Available at: https://jglobal.jst.go.jp/en/detail?JGLOBAL_ID=200902267119307765.
Massis, A. D., Audretsch, D., Uhlaner, L., & Kammerlander, N. (2018). Innovation with Limited Resources: Management Lessons from the German Mittelstand. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 35(open in a new window) (1(open in a new window)), 125–146. doi: 10.1111/jpim.12373.
Matzler, K., Veider, V., Hautz, J., & Stadler. C. (2015). The impact of family ownership, management, and governance on innovation. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 32(3), 319–333. doi:10.1111/jpim.12202.
McFarlin, D. B. (2008). Does “family” matter to corporate performance? The Academy of Management Perspectives, 22(2), 100–101. doi:10.5465/amp.2008.32739762.
Menrad, K., & Gabriel, A. (2009). National innovation systems in horticulture in Germany and the Netherlands. International Journal of Public Policy, 4(6), 479-494. doi:10.1504/IJPP.2009.025258.
Meoli, M., Paleari, S., & Vismara, S. (2019). The governance of universities and the establishment of academic spin-offs. Small Business Economics, 52(2), 485–504. doi:10.1007/s11187-017-9956-5.
Meyer-Krahmer, F. (1987). Evaluating innovation policies: The German experience. Technovation, 5(4), 317-330. doi:10.1016/0166-4972(87)90070-8.
Meyer-Krahmer, F. (2001). The German innovation system. Research and Innovation Policies in the New Global Economy. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 205-252. Available at:https://www.e-elgar.com/shop/gbp/research-and-innovation-policies-in-the-new-global-economy-9781840647846.html.
Miranda, F.-J., Chamorro, A., & Rubio, S. (2018). Re-thinking university spin-off: A critical literature review and a research agenda. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 43(4), 1007–1038. doi: 10.1007/s10961-017-9647-z.
Namdarian, L. & Alidousti, S. (2018). Designing and developing a website for information recourses related to indicators for monitoring and evaluation of science, technology and innovation) STI) Iranian Journal of Information Processing and Management, 33(4), 1611-1636. doi: 10.35050/JIPM010.2018.045 (in Persian).
Nepelski, D., & Van Roy, V. (2021). Innovation and innovator assessment in R&I ecosystems: the case of the EU Framework Programme. J Technol Transf, 46, 792–827. doi: 10.1007/s10961-020-09814-5.
Nurzal, E. R., & Rosadi, A. H. Y. (2022). Research Cooperation Between Industry and Research and Development Institutions-Universities in Indonesia with Policy Implications. The Asian Journal of Technology Management, 15(3), 210-223. doi:10.12695/ajtm.2022.15.3.2.
OECD (2022), OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy: Germany 2022: Building Agility for Successful Transitions, OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy, OECD Publishing, Paris, doi:10.1787/50b32331-en.
Onetti, A., Zucchella, A., Jones, M. V., & McDougall-Covin, P. P. (2012). Internationalization, innovation and entrepreneurship: Business models for new technology-based firms. Journal of Management and Governance, 16(3), 337–368. doi:10.1007/s10997-010-9154-1.
Papageorgiadis N, & Sofka, W. (2020) Patent enforcement across 51 countries – patent enforcement index 1998–2017. J World Bus, 55(4), 1–14. doi: 10.1016/j.jwb.2020.101092.
Park, W. G. (2008). International patent protection: 1960–2005. Research Policy, 37(4), 761–766. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2008.01.006.
Parry, M. E., & Kawakami, T. (2017). The encroachment speed of potentially disruptive innovations with indirect network externalities: The case of e-readers. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 34(2), 141–158. doi:10.1111/jpim.12333.
Pearson, A., Carr, J. C., & Shaw, J. (2008). Toward a theory of familiness: A social capital perspective. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 32(6), 949–969. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6520.2008.00265.x.
Peng, M. W., Sun, S. L., Pinkham, B., & Chen, H. (2009). The institution-based view as a third leg for a strategy tripod. The. Academy of Management Perspectives, 23(3), 63–81. doi:10.5465/AMP.2009.43479264.
Petticrew, M., & Roberts, H. (2006). Systematic reviews in the social sciences: A practical guide. Blackwell Publishing. doi:10.1002/9780470754887.
Planes-Satorra, S., & Paunov, C. (2019). The digital innovation policy landscape in 2019. OECD Science, Technology and Industry Policy Papers. Paris, 55 pp. Available at: https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/the-digital-innovation-policy-landscape-in-2019_6171f649-en.html.
Pouder, R., & John, C. H. S. (1996). Hot spots and blind spots: Geographical clusters of firms and innovation. Academy of Management Review, 21(4), 1192–1225. JSTOR, JSTOR. Publisher version of record available at: www.jstor.org/stable/259168. doi: 10.2307/259168.
Ramírez-López, C., Till, K., Boyd, A., Bennet, M., Piscione, J., Bradley, S., & Jones, B. (2020). Coopetition: cooperation among competitors to enhance applied research and drive innovation in elite sport. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 55(10), 522-523. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2020-102901.
Randhawa, K., Wilden, R., & Hohberger, J. (2016). A bibliometric review of open innovation: Setting a research agenda. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 33, 750–772. doi:10.1111/jpim.12312.
Rassenfosse, G., & Fischer, T. (2016). Venture debt financing: Determinants of the lending decision. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 10(3), 235–256. doi:10.1002/sej.1220.
Rivera-Santos, M., Holt, D., Littlewood, D., & Kolk, A. (2015). Social entrepreneurship in sub-Saharan Africa. The Academy of Management Perspectives, 29(1), 72–91. doi:10.5465/amp.2013.0128.
Romanelli, E., & Tushman, M. L. (1994). Organizational transformation as punctuated equilibrium: An empirical test. Academy of Management Journal, 37(5), 1141–1166. doi: 10.2307/256669.
Rossi, F. (2010). The governance of university‐industry knowledge transfer. European Journal of Innovation Management, 13(2), 155-171. doi:10.1108/14601061011040230.
Roundy, P. T., & Bayer, M. A. (2018). Entrepreneurial ecosystem narratives and the micro-foundations of regional entrepreneurship. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation., 20(1), 194-208. doi:10.1177/1465750318808426.
Salomon, R. M., & Jin, B. (2010). Do leading or lagging firms learn more from exporting?. Strategic Management Journal, 31(10), 1088–1113. doi: 10.1002/smj.850.
Salomon, R. M., & Shaver, J. M. (2005). Learning by exporting: New insights from examining firm innovation. Journal of Economics and Management Strategy, 14(2), 431–460. doi:10.1111/j.1530-9134.2005.00047.x.
Sandelowski, M., Docherty, S., & Emden, C. (1997). Quality met synthesis: Issues and techniques. Research in Nursing and Health, 20, 365–371. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1098-240X(199708)20:4<365::AID-NUR9>3.0.CO;2-E.
Sarasvathy, S. D. (2001). Causation and effectuation: Toward a theoretical shift from economic inevitability to entrepreneurial contingency. Academy of Management Review, 26(2), 243–263. doi:10.5465/AMR.2001.4378020.
Schilke, O. (2014). Second-order dynamic capabilities: How do they matter? The Academy of Management Perspectives, 28(4), 368–380. doi:10.5465/amp.2013.0093.
Sciascia, S., Nordqvist, M., Mazzola, P., & De Massis, A. (2015). Family ownership and R&D intensity in small- and medium-sized firms. Journal of Product and Innovation Management, 32(3), 349–360. doi:10.1111/jpim.12204.
Sharifzadeh, M. S. & Abdollahzadeh, G. H. (2018). A Comparative Analysis of Sustainability of the Entrepreneurial Agro-Enterprises and Conventional Farming Systems in the Golestan Province. Iranian Agricultural Extension and Education Journal, 13(2), 1-20. dor:20.1001.1.20081758.1396.13.2.1.1 (in Persian).
Sieger, P., Zellweger, T., Nason, R. S., & Clinton, E. (2011). Portfolio entrepreneurship in family firms: a resource-based perspective. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 5(4), 327–351. doi:10.1002/sej.120.
Sirmon, D., Gove, S., & Hitt, M. (2009). Resource management in dyadic competitive rivalry: The effects of resource bundling and deployment. Academy of Management Journal, 51(5), 919–935. doi:10.5465/AMJ.2008.34789656.
Sirmon, D., Hitt, M., & Ireland, R. (2007). Managing firm resources in dynamic environments to create value: Looking inside the black box. Academy of Management Review, 32(1), 273–292. doi:10.5465/AMR.2007.23466005.
Sirmon, D., Hitt, M., Arregle, J., & Campbell, J. (2010). The dynamic interplay of capability strengths and weaknesses: Investigating the bases of temporary competitive advantage. Strategic Management Journal, 31(13), 1386–1409. doi:10.2307/40961189.
Sirmon, D., Hitt, M., Ireland, R., & Gilbert, B. (2011). Resource orchestration to create competitive advantage breadth, depth, and life cycle effects. Journal of Management, 37(5), 1390–1412. doi:10.1177/0149206310385695.
Sofka, W., & Sprutacz, M. (2017). Rio Country Report 2016: Germany. Available at: https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC105845,10.2760/883398.
Sofka, W., Shehu, E., & Hristov, H. (2018). Research and Innovation (Rio) Country Report 2017: Germany. European Commission, Brussels. doi:10.2760/507952.
Soltani, B., Hajihoseini, H. A., Arasti, M., Ghazinoory, S., Rzavi, M., Shafiaa, M., Manteghi, M., Tabatabaeian, H. A. & Shaverdi, M. (2017). A Review on Iran’s NIS Challenges & Proposing Policies and Initiatives for Improvement. Strategic Studies of public policy, 7(23), 185-198. Available at: https://sspp.iranjournals.ir/article_26808_6751246899dee8b58e1ef31250134e8b.pdf (in Persian).
Stock, R., Zacharias, N. A. & Schnellbaecher, A. (2016). How do strategy and leadership styles jointly affect co-development and its innovation outcomes? Journal of Product Innovation Management, 34(2), 201–222. doi:10.1111/jpim.12332.
Teece, D. J. (2012). Dynamic capabilities: Routines versus entrepreneurial action. Journal of Management Studies, 49(8), 1395–1401. doi:10.1111/j.1467-6486.2012.01080.x.
Thompson, D. V., Hamilton, R. W., & Rust, R. T. (2005). Feature fatigue: When product capabilities become too much of a good thing. Journal of Marketing Research, 42(4), 431–442. doi:10.1509/jmkr.2005.42.4.431.
Van Burg, E., Podoynitsyna, K., Beck, L., & Lommelen, T. (2012). Directive deficiencies: How resource constraints direct opportunity identification in SMEs. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 29(6), 1000–1011. doi:10.1111/j.1540-5885.2012.00976.x.
Van de Ven, A. H. (1992). Suggestions for studying strategy process: A research note. Strategic Management Journal, 13 (special issue),169–188. doi:10.1002/smj.4250131013.
Venohr, B., Fear, J., & Witt, A. (2015). Best of German Mittelstand - The world market leaders. In Langenscheidt, F.; Venohr, B. (Eds.). The Best of German Mittelstand. Cologne: Deutsche Standards Editionen. doi:10.2139/ssrn.2724609.
Wessner, C. W. (2013). How Does Germany Do It? Mechanical Engineering, 135(11), 42-47. doi: 10.1115/1.2013-NOV-3.
West, J., & Bogers, M. (2014). Leveraging external sources of innovation: A review of research on open innovation. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 31, 814–831. doi:10.1111/jpim.12125.
Wicaksono, H. (2021). From Idea to Commercialization. IEEE 62th International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University (RTUCON) (pp. 1-6). IEEE. Available at: https://www.proceedings.com/62688.html.
Williams, D. W., & Wood, M. S. (2015). Rule-based reasoning for understanding opportunity evaluation. The Academy of Management Perspectives, 29(2), 218–236. doi:10.5465/amp.2013.0017.
Wright, M., Chrisman, J. J., Chua, J. H., & Steier, L. P. (2014). Family enterprise and context. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 38(6), 1247–1260. doi:10.1111/etap.12122.
Wu, J., Si, S., & Wu, X. (2016). Entrepreneurial finance and innovation: Informal debt as an empirical case. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 10(3), 257–273. doi:10.1002/sej.1214.
Zahra, S. A., & Wright, M. (2011). Entrepreneurship's next act. The Academy of Management Perspectives, 25(4), 67–83. doi:10.5465/amp.2010.0149.
Zemlickienė, V., & Turskis, Z. (2022). Determination of Importance of Key Decision Points in the Technology Commercialization Process: Attitude of the US and German Experts. Sustainability, 14(23), 15847. doi:10.3390/su142315847. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 515 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 159 |
||