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Combined Effects of Seaweed Extract and Selenium Nanoparticles on Mitigation of Cadmium and Chromium Stress in Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) | ||
| Agrotechniques in Industrial Crops | ||
| دوره 6، شماره 2، مهر 2026، صفحه 208-218 اصل مقاله (429.72 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Original Article | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22126/atic.2026.12771.1235 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Seyedeh Yalda Raeisi Sadati1؛ Sodabeh Jahanbakhsh-Godekahriz* 1؛ Ahmad Tobeh1؛ Salim Farzaneh1؛ Yeganeh Shafiei2؛ Bahman Fazeli-Nasab* 3 | ||
| 1Department of plant genetics and production engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran | ||
| 2Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Agriculture Institute, Research Institute of Zabol, Zabol, Iran | ||
| چکیده | ||
| Heavy metal contamination by cadmium (Cd) and chromium (Cr) threatens fennel productivity and seed safety through oxidative damage and metal accumulation. This study tested whether combined foliar application of seaweed extract (SWE) and selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) provides enhanced protection against Cd- and Cr-stress in fennel. For this purpose, a greenhouse factorial experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. Treatments included three soil metal levels (control, 20 mg Cd kg-1, and 100 mg Cr kg-1) and four foliar treatments (control, SWE at 1 mL L-1, SeNPs at 20 mg L-1, and SWE + SeNPs). Electrolyte leakage (EL), proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), seed Cd/Cr concentrations, seed yield, and biological yield were measured. Results showed that Cd and Cr stress increased membrane and oxidative injury compared with the non-contaminated control, as reflected by higher EL, MDA, CAT, and SOD, and they reduced seed and biological yields. Foliar SeNPs and SWE improved stress tolerance by lowering oxidative damage indices and improving productivity, with SWE+SeNPs treatment showing greater improvements than individual applications. SWE+SeNPs decreased MDA by 27.8% (Cd) and 22.7% (Cr), reduced CAT by 32.8% (Cd) and 28.3% (Cr), and reduced SOD by 25.9% (Cd) and 30.3% (Cr) relative to stressed controls, indicating alleviation of oxidative pressure. The combined treatment also produced the greatest improvement in seed safety by lowering seed Cd by 63.5% and seed Cr by 41.1% relative to the foliar control. These biochemical improvements translated into higher productivity, with SWE+SeNPs increasing seed yield by 21.6% relative to the foliar control and improving biological yield under both Cd and Cr stress. In conclusion, SWE+SeNPs foliar strategy most effectively mitigated Cd/Cr toxicity by reducing oxidative damage, lowering metal transfer to seeds, and improving yield, supporting its potential use for safer fennel production in contaminated soils. | ||
تازه های تحقیق | ||
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| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Fennel؛ Heavy metals؛ Seaweed extract؛ Seed yield؛ Selenium nanoparticles | ||
| مراجع | ||
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